进程间通信

shmctl.c #include <unistd.h> #include <sys/ipc.h> #include <sys/shm.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <time.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <string.h> #define ASSERT(res) if((res)<0){perror(__FUNCTION__);exit(-1);} // 打印 ipc_perm void printPerm(struct ipc_perm *perm) { printf("euid of owner = %d\n", perm->uid); printf("egid of owner = %d\n", perm->gid); printf("euid of creator = %d\n", perm->cuid); printf("egid of creator = %d\n", perm->cgid); printf("mode = 0%o\n", perm->mode); } // 打印 ipc 内核对象信息 void printShmid(struct shmid_ds *shmid) { printPerm(&shmid->shm_perm); printf("segment size = %ld\n", shmid->shm_segsz); printf("last attach time = %s", ctime(&shmid->shm_atime)); printf("last detach time = %s", ctime(&shmid->shm_dtime)); printf("last change time = %s", ctime(&shmid->shm_ctime)); printf("pid of creator = %d\n", shmid->shm_cpid); printf("pid of last shmat/shmdt = %d\n", shmid->shm_lpid); printf("No. of current attaches = %ld\n", shmid->shm_nattch); } // 创建 ipc 内核对象 void create() { int id = shmget(0x8888, 123, IPC_CREAT | IPC_EXCL | 0664); printf("create %d\n", id); ASSERT(id); } // IPC_STAT 命令使用，用来获取 ipc 内核对象信息 void show() { int id = shmget(0x8888, 0, 0); ASSERT(id); struct shmid_ds shmid; ASSERT(shmctl(id, IPC_STAT, &shmid)); printShmid(&shmid); } // IPC_SET 命令使用，用来设置 ipc 内核对象信息 void set() { int id = shmget(0x8888, 123, IPC_CREAT | 0664); ASSERT(id); struct shmid_ds shmid; ASSERT(shmctl(id, IPC_STAT, &shmid)); shmid.shm_perm.mode = 0600; ASSERT(shmctl(id, IPC_SET, &shmid)); printf("set %d\n", id); } // IPC_RMID 命令使用，用来删除 ipc 内核对象 void rm() { int id = shmget(0x8888, 123, IPC_CREAT | 0664); ASSERT(id); ASSERT(shmctl(id, IPC_RMID, NULL)); printf("remove %d\n", id); } // 挂接和卸载 void at_dt() { int id = shmget(0x8888, 123, IPC_CREAT | 0664); ASSERT(id); char *buf = shmat(id, NULL, 0); if (buf == (char*)-1) ASSERT(-1); printf("shmat %p\n", buf); sleep(5); // 等待 5 秒后，执行 shmdt ASSERT(shmdt(buf)); printf("shmdt %p\n", buf); } int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { if (argc < 2) { printf("usage: %s <option -c -v -s -d -a>\n", argv[0]); return -1; } printf("I'm %d\n", getpid()); if (!strcmp(argv[1], "-c")) { create(); } else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "-v")) { show(); } else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "-s")) { set(); } else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "-d")) { rm(); } else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "-a")) { at_dt(); } return 0; }