node.js 错误：npm ERR 代码 EPERM 解决方案进程
1 完整错误
npm ERR! code EPERM
npm ERR! syscall open
npm ERR! path D:\NodeJS\node_cache\_cacache\tmp\7bbab18e
npm ERR! errno EPERM
npm ERR! FetchError: Invalid response body while trying to fetch https://registry.npmjs.org/webpack: EPERM: operation not permitted, open 'D:\NodeJS\node_cache\_cacache\tmp\7bbab18e'
npm ERR! at D:\NodeJS\node_modules\npm\node_modules\minipass-fetch\lib\body.js:162:15
npm ERR! at async Arborist.[nodeFromEdge] (D:\NodeJS\node_modules\npm\node_modules\@npmcli\arborist\lib\arborist\build-ideal-tree.js:1061:19)
npm ERR! at async Arborist.[buildDepStep] (D:\NodeJS\node_modules\npm\node_modules\@npmcli\arborist\lib\arborist\build-ideal-tree.js:930:11)
npm ERR! at async Arborist.buildIdealTree (D:\NodeJS\node_modules\npm\node_modules\@npmcli\arborist\lib\arborist\build-ideal-tree.js:216:7)
npm ERR! at async Promise.all (index 1)
npm ERR! at async Arborist.reify (D:\NodeJS\node_modules\npm\node_modules\@npmcli\arborist\lib\arborist\reify.js:149:5)
npm ERR! at async Install.install (D:\NodeJS\node_modules\npm\lib\install.js:170:5)
npm ERR! FetchError: Invalid response body while trying to fetch https://registry.npmjs.org/webpack: EPERM: operation not permitted, open 'D:\NodeJS\node_cache\_cacache\tmp\7bbab18e'
npm ERR! at D:\NodeJS\node_modules\npm\node_modules\minipass-fetch\lib\body.js:162:15
npm ERR! at async Arborist.[nodeFromEdge] (D:\NodeJS\node_modules\npm\node_modules\@npmcli\arborist\lib\arborist\build-ideal-tree.js:1061:19)
npm ERR! at async Arborist.[buildDepStep] (D:\NodeJS\node_modules\npm\node_modules\@npmcli\arborist\lib\arborist\build-ideal-tree.js:930:11)
npm ERR! at async Arborist.buildIdealTree (D:\NodeJS\node_modules\npm\node_modules\@npmcli\arborist\lib\arborist\build-ideal-tree.js:216:7)
npm ERR! at async Promise.all (index 1)
npm ERR! at async Arborist.reify (D:\NodeJS\node_modules\npm\node_modules\@npmcli\arborist\lib\arborist\reify.js:149:5)
npm ERR! at async Install.install (D:\NodeJS\node_modules\npm\lib\install.js:170:5) {
npm ERR! code: 'EPERM',
npm ERR! syscall: 'open',
npm ERR! path: 'D:\\NodeJS\\node_cache\\_cacache\\tmp\\7bbab18e',
npm ERR! type: 'system',
npm ERR! requiredBy: '.'
npm ERR! }
npm ERR!
npm ERR! The operation was rejected by your operating system.
npm ERR! It's possible that the file was already in use (by a text editor or antivirus),
npm ERR! or that you lack permissions to access it.
npm ERR!
npm ERR! If you believe this might be a permissions issue, please double-check the
npm ERR! permissions of the file and its containing directories, or try running
npm ERR! the command again as root/Administrator.
(base) PS F:\tutorial-frontend\webpack\code> npm i webpack webpack-cli --save-dev
npm ERR! code EPERM
npm ERR! syscall open
npm ERR! path D:\NodeJS\node_cache\_cacache\tmp\671f2a33
npm ERR! errno EPERM
npm ERR! FetchError: Invalid response body while trying to fetch https://registry.npmjs.org/webpack: EPERM: operation not permitted, open 'D:\NodeJS\node_cache\_cacache\tmp\671f2a33'
npm ERR! at D:\NodeJS\node_modules\npm\node_modules\minipass-fetch\lib\body.js:162:15
npm ERR! at async Arborist.[nodeFromEdge] (D:\NodeJS\node_modules\npm\node_modules\@npmcli\arborist\lib\arborist\build-ideal-tree.js:1061:19)
npm ERR! at async Arborist.[buildDepStep] (D:\NodeJS\node_modules\npm\node_modules\@npmcli\arborist\lib\arborist\build-ideal-tree.js:930:11)
npm ERR! at async Arborist.buildIdealTree (D:\NodeJS\node_modules\npm\node_modules\@npmcli\arborist\lib\arborist\build-ideal-tree.js:216:7)
npm ERR! at async Promise.all (index 1)
npm ERR! at async Arborist.reify (D:\NodeJS\node_modules\npm\node_modules\@npmcli\arborist\lib\arborist\reify.js:149:5)
npm ERR! at async Install.install (D:\NodeJS\node_modules\npm\lib\install.js:170:5)
npm ERR! FetchError: Invalid response body while trying to fetch https://registry.npmjs.org/webpack: EPERM: operation not permitted, open 'D:\NodeJS\node_cache\_cacache\tmp\671f2a33'
npm ERR! at D:\NodeJS\node_modules\npm\node_modules\minipass-fetch\lib\body.js:162:15
npm ERR! at async Arborist.[nodeFromEdge] (D:\NodeJS\node_modules\npm\node_modules\@npmcli\arborist\lib\arborist\build-ideal-tree.js:1061:19)
npm ERR! at async Arborist.[buildDepStep] (D:\NodeJS\node_modules\npm\node_modules\@npmcli\arborist\lib\arborist\build-ideal-tree.js:930:11)
npm ERR! at async Arborist.buildIdealTree (D:\NodeJS\node_modules\npm\node_modules\@npmcli\arborist\lib\arborist\build-ideal-tree.js:216:7)
npm ERR! at async Promise.all (index 1)
npm ERR! at async Arborist.reify (D:\NodeJS\node_modules\npm\node_modules\@npmcli\arborist\lib\arborist\reify.js:149:5)
npm ERR! at async Install.install (D:\NodeJS\node_modules\npm\lib\install.js:170:5) {
npm ERR! code: 'EPERM',
npm ERR! syscall: 'open',
npm ERR! path: 'D:\\NodeJS\\node_cache\\_cacache\\tmp\\671f2a33',
npm ERR! type: 'system',
npm ERR! requiredBy: '.'
npm ERR! }
npm ERR!
npm ERR! The operation was rejected by your operating system.
npm ERR! It's possible that the file was already in use (by a text editor or antivirus),
npm ERR! or that you lack permissions to access it.
npm ERR!
npm ERR! If you believe this might be a permissions issue, please double-check the
npm ERR! permissions of the file and its containing directories, or try running
npm ERR! the command again as root/Administrator.
2 错误详解
该错误发生在修改npm的全局安装路径之后，再执行npm install 包 -g或是npm install 包时发生，但是在管理员身份下运行cmd，均能执行成功。
2.1 修改npm全局安装：
1.命令行：
npm config set prefix "D:\NodeJS\node_global" npm config set cache "D:\NodeJS\node_cache"
在C盘User/用户名/下有一个.npmrc的文件
2.将上述node_global文件夹的路径加入环境变量
2.2 导致该安装问题的原因
没有管理员权限，无法在node_global和node_cache两个文件夹下进行一些必要的操作
2.3 修复方法
- 删除用户下的.npmrc文件，即不改变全局安装的路径（不够好，本质问题仍没有解决，全局还是会安装在C盘）
- 每次都用管理员身份运行命令行（不够方便，vscode 下的命令行默认也不是管理员身份运行的）
- 直接修改
node_global和node_cache文件夹的权限：
右键文件夹，打开属性，切换到安全选项卡
选择编辑，将没有打钩的位置全部打上钩（即将其它用户的权限设置为与管理员相同），应用即可。
3 运行测试
安装webpack测试，成功！
npm i webpack webpack-cli -g npm i webpack webpack-cli --save-dev
总结
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