阿里云物联网平台：快速上手数字孪生功能指南

Step By Step

1、创建产品和设备
2、使用SDK模拟设备上报消息
3、添加孪生体
4、添加孪生体子节点
5、添加数字映射
6、查看效果

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一、创建产品和设备

• 1.1 控制台购买企业版实例(目前只有企业版实例支持试用数字孪生功能)

• 1.2 实例下面创建产品

• 1.3 为产品定义物模型

• 1.4 添加设备

二、使用SDK模拟设备上报消息

• 2.1 pom.xml

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.eclipse.paho</groupId>
            <artifactId>org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3</artifactId>
            <version>1.1.0</version>
        </dependency>

• 2.2 AliyunIoTSignUtil.java

import javax.crypto.Mac;
import javax.crypto.SecretKey;
import javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Map;

/**
 * AliyunIoTSignUtil
 */

public class AliyunIoTSignUtil {
    public static String sign(Map<String, String> params, String deviceSecret, String signMethod) {
        //将参数Key按字典顺序排序
        String[] sortedKeys = params.keySet().toArray(new String[] {});
        Arrays.sort(sortedKeys);

        //生成规范化请求字符串
        StringBuilder canonicalizedQueryString = new StringBuilder();
        for (String key : sortedKeys) {
            if ("sign".equalsIgnoreCase(key)) {
                continue;
            }
            canonicalizedQueryString.append(key).append(params.get(key));
        }

        try {
            String key = deviceSecret;
            return encryptHMAC(signMethod,canonicalizedQueryString.toString(), key);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
    }

    /**
     * HMACSHA1加密
     *
     */
    public static String encryptHMAC(String signMethod,String content, String key) throws Exception {
        SecretKey secretKey = new SecretKeySpec(key.getBytes("utf-8"), signMethod);
        Mac mac = Mac.getInstance(secretKey.getAlgorithm());
        mac.init(secretKey);
        byte[] data = mac.doFinal(content.getBytes("utf-8"));
        return bytesToHexString(data);
    }

    public static final String bytesToHexString(byte[] bArray) {

        StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer(bArray.length);
        String sTemp;
        for (int i = 0; i < bArray.length; i++) {
            sTemp = Integer.toHexString(0xFF & bArray[i]);
            if (sTemp.length() < 2) {
                sb.append(0);
            }
            sb.append(sTemp.toUpperCase());
        }
        return sb.toString();
    }
}

• 2.3 DeviceCode Sample

import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.*;
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.persist.MemoryPersistence;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

public class Device1 {
    // 设备三元组信息
    public static String productKey = "gqu********";
    public static String deviceName = "device1";
    public static String deviceSecret = "26b39f328********";
    public static String regionId = "cn-shanghai";
    // 实例id
    public static String instanceId = "iot-06******";

    // 物模型-属性上报topic
    private static String pubTopic = "/sys/" + productKey + "/" + deviceName + "/thing/event/property/post";
    // 物模型-属性响应topic
    private static String subTopic = "/sys/" + productKey + "/" + deviceName + "/thing/event/property/post_reply";

    private static MqttClient mqttClient;

    public static void main(String [] args) throws InterruptedException {

        // 初始化Client
        initAliyunIoTClient();
        try {
            mqttClient.subscribe(subTopic); // 订阅Topic
        } catch (MqttException e) {
            System.out.println("error:" + e.getMessage());
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        // 设置订阅监听
        mqttClient.setCallback(new MqttCallback() {
            @Override
            public void connectionLost(Throwable throwable) {
                System.out.println("connection Lost");

            }
            @Override
            public void messageArrived(String s, MqttMessage mqttMessage) throws Exception {
                System.out.println("Sub message");
                System.out.println("Topic : " + s);
                System.out.println(new String(mqttMessage.getPayload())); //打印输出消息payLoad
            }

            @Override
            public void deliveryComplete(IMqttDeliveryToken iMqttDeliveryToken) {

            }
        });

        // 属性上报
        for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
            postDeviceProperties();
            Thread.sleep(1000);
            System.out.println("-------------------" + i);
        }

        Thread.sleep(10000*60);
    }

    /**
     * 初始化 Client 对象
     */
    private static void initAliyunIoTClient() {

        try {
            // 构造连接需要的参数
            String clientId = "java" + System.currentTimeMillis();
            Map<String, String> params = new HashMap<>(16);
            params.put("productKey", productKey);
            params.put("deviceName", deviceName);
            params.put("clientId", clientId);
            String timestamp = String.valueOf(System.currentTimeMillis());
            params.put("timestamp", timestamp);
            String targetServer = "ssl://"+instanceId+".mqtt.iothub.aliyuncs.com:443";
            
            String mqttclientId = clientId + "|securemode=2,signmethod=hmacsha256,timestamp=" + timestamp + "|";
            String mqttUsername = deviceName + "&" + productKey;
            String mqttPassword = AliyunIoTSignUtil.sign(params, deviceSecret, "hmacsha256");
            
            connectMqtt(targetServer, mqttclientId, mqttUsername, mqttPassword);

        } catch (Exception e) {
            System.out.println("initAliyunIoTClient error " + e.getMessage());
        }
    }

    public static void connectMqtt(String url, String clientId, String mqttUsername, String mqttPassword) throws Exception {

        MemoryPersistence persistence = new MemoryPersistence();
        mqttClient = new MqttClient(url, clientId, persistence);
        MqttConnectOptions connOpts = new MqttConnectOptions();
        // MQTT 3.1.1
        connOpts.setMqttVersion(4);
        connOpts.setAutomaticReconnect(false);
        connOpts.setConnectionTimeout(10);
//        connOpts.setCleanSession(true);
        connOpts.setCleanSession(false);

        connOpts.setUserName(mqttUsername);
        connOpts.setPassword(mqttPassword.toCharArray());
        connOpts.setKeepAliveInterval(60);

        mqttClient.connect(connOpts);
    }
    
    /**
     * 汇报属性
     */
    private static void postDeviceProperties() {

        try {
            //上报数据
            //高级版 物模型-属性上报payload
            System.out.println("上报属性值");
            String payloadJson = "{\"params\":{\"temperature\":21}}";
            MqttMessage message = new MqttMessage(payloadJson.getBytes("utf-8"));
            message.setQos(1);
            mqttClient.publish(pubTopic, message);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            System.out.println(e.getMessage());
        }
    }
}

• 2.4 运行结果查看

三、添加孪生体

四、添加孪生体子节点

• 4.1 编辑孪生体

• 4.2 添加子节点

• 4.3 编辑子节点

• 4.4 保存模板

• 4.5 拖拽模板添加子节点（也可以手动重新添加一个）

• 4.6 父节点编辑物模型

• 4.7 编辑父节点孪生规则

五、添加数字映射

• 5.1 输入脚本

//获取设备上报的消息内容。
var payload = payload("json");
//定义Map类型数据，存储键值对数据。
var data = {};
//获取设备名称。
var deviceName = topic(2);
//获取设备上报的温度数据。
var t = payload.items.temperature.value;
//存储不同设备上报的数据。
if (deviceName == "device1") {
  data["temp1"] = t;
}if (deviceName == "device2") {
  data["temp2"] = t;
}

return data;

输入脚本实际是通过规则引擎流转数据的，所以在提取物模型数据的时候，针对自定义topic和系统topic，
//获取设备上报的温度数据。
var t = payload.items.temperature.value;
是会有差异的，具体提取方式可以参考 链接

• 5.2 输出脚本

[
  {
    "key": "temp1",
    "iotId": "<替换为自己的子节点id>",
    "identifier": "temperature"
  },
  {
    "key": "temp2",
    "iotId": "<替换为自己的子节点id>",
    "identifier": "temperature"
  }
]

六、查看效果

• 6.1 平台物模型数据显示

• 6.2 孪生体显示

• 6.3 日志查看(常见问题排查位置)

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更多参考

数字孪生概述
使用数字孪生管理园区环境
SQL表达式