如何在Java中实际测量JVM的CPU使用率、内存使用情况、线程数目，以及服务器网络接口的数据传输速度和磁盘读写速率

import java.io.BufferedReader;import java.io.IOException;

import java.io.InputStream;import java.io.InputStreamReader;import java.io.LineNumberReader;import java.lang.management.ManagementFactory;import java.lang.management.RuntimeMXBean;import java.util.Formatter;import java.util.StringTokenizer;import java.util.Timer;import java.util.TimerTask;

import javax.annotation.PostConstruct;import javax.annotation.PreDestroy;

import org.apache.log4j.Logger;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;import com.alibaba.fastjson.serializer.SerializerFeature;import com.nufront.euht.model.SysPerformInfo;import com.nufront.euht.service.api.sys.SysPerformInfoServiceI;import com.nufront.euht.util.UuidUtil;import com.sun.management.OperatingSystemMXBean;

/** * 网管信息信息信息采集类 *  * @author liming.cen * @date 2017-4-11 */@Servicepublic class SysInfoAcquirerService {

private static final int CPUTIME = 5000; /** * 网管进程信息采集周期(注意：PERIOD_TIME 一定要大于 SLEEP_TIME ) */ private static final int PERIOD_TIME = 1000 * 60 * 15; /** * 此类中Thread.sleep()里的线程睡眠时间 */ private static final int SLEEP_TIME = 1000 * 60 * 9; private static final int PERCENT = 100; private static final int FAULTLENGTH = 10; private String isWindowsOrLinux = isWindowsOrLinux(); private String pid = ""; private Timer sysInfoGetTimer = new Timer("sysInfoGet"); @Autowired private SysPerformInfoServiceI sysPerformInfoService;

public Logger log = Logger.getLogger(SysInfoAcquirerService.class);

/** * 初始化bean的时候就立即获取JVM进程的PID及执行任务 * * @return */ @PostConstruct public void init() { if (isWindowsOrLinux.equals("windows")) { // 判断操作系统类型是否为：windows getJvmPIDOnWindows(); } else { getJvmPIDOnLinux(); } sysInfoGetTimer.schedule(new SysInfoAcquirerTimerTask(), 10 * 1000, PERIOD_TIME); }

/** * 判断是服务器的系统类型是Windows 还是 Linux * * @return */ public String isWindowsOrLinux() { String osName = System.getProperty("os.name"); String sysName = ""; if (osName.toLowerCase().startsWith("windows")) { sysName = "windows"; } else if (osName.toLowerCase().startsWith("linux")) { sysName = "linux"; } return sysName; }

/** * 获取JVM 的CPU占用率（%） * * @return */ public String getCPURate() { String cpuRate = ""; if (isWindowsOrLinux.equals("windows")) { // 判断操作系统类型是否为：windows cpuRate = getCPURateForWindows(); } else { cpuRate = getCPURateForLinux(); } return cpuRate; }

/** * windows环境下获取JVM的PID */ public void getJvmPIDOnWindows() { RuntimeMXBean runtime = ManagementFactory.getRuntimeMXBean(); pid = runtime.getName().split("@")[0]; log.info("PID of JVM:" + pid); }

/** * linux环境下获取JVM的PID */ public void getJvmPIDOnLinux() { String command = "pidof java"; BufferedReader in = null; Process pro = null; try { pro = Runtime.getRuntime().exec(new String[] { "sh", "-c", command }); in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(pro.getInputStream())); StringTokenizer ts = new StringTokenizer(in.readLine()); pid = ts.nextToken(); log.info("PID of JVM:" + pid); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } }

/** * 获取JVM的内存占用率（%） * * @return */ public String getMemoryRate() { String memRate = ""; if (isWindowsOrLinux.equals("windows")) { // 判断操作系统类型是否为：windows memRate = getMemoryRateForWindows();// 查询windows系统的cpu占用率 } else { memRate = getMemoryRateForLinux();// 查询linux系统的cpu占用率 } return memRate; }

/** * 获取JVM 线程数 * * @return */ public int getThreadCount() { int threadCount = 0; if (isWindowsOrLinux.equals("windows")) { // 判断操作系统类型是否为：windows threadCount = getThreadCountForWindows();// 查询windows系统的线程数 } else { threadCount = getThreadCountForLinux();// 查询linux系统的线程数 } return threadCount; }

/** * 获取磁盘读写速率（MB/s） * * @return */ // public String getDiskAccess() { // TODO:待完成 // String diskAccess = ""; // if (isWindowsOrLinux.equals("windows")) { // 判断操作系统类型是否为：windows // // diskAccess = getDiskAccessForWindows(); // 查询windows系统的磁盘读写速率 // } else { // diskAccess = getDiskAccessForLinux(); // 查询linux系统的磁盘读写速率 // } // return diskAccess; // }

/** * 获取网口吞吐量（MB/s） * * @return */ public String getNetworkThroughput() { String throughput = ""; if (isWindowsOrLinux.equals("windows")) { // 判断操作系统类型是否为：windows throughput = getNetworkThroughputForWindows(); // 查询windows系统的磁盘读写速率 } else { throughput = getNetworkThroughputForLinux(); // 查询linux系统的磁盘读写速率 } return throughput; }

/** * 获取Windows环境下网口的上下行速率 * * @return */ public String getNetworkThroughputForWindows() { Process pro1 = null; Process pro2 = null; Runtime r = Runtime.getRuntime(); BufferedReader input = null; String rxPercent = ""; String txPercent = ""; JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject(); try { String command = "netstat -e"; pro1 = r.exec(command); input = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(pro1.getInputStream())); String result1[] = readInLine(input, "windows"); Thread.sleep(SLEEP_TIME); pro2 = r.exec(command); input = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(pro2.getInputStream())); String result2[] = readInLine(input, "windows"); rxPercent = formatNumber((Long.parseLong(result2[0]) - Long.parseLong(result1[0])) / (float) (1024 * 1024 * (SLEEP_TIME / 1000))); // 上行速率(MB/s) txPercent = formatNumber((Long.parseLong(result2[1]) - Long.parseLong(result1[1])) / (float) (1024 * 1024 * (SLEEP_TIME / 1000))); // 下行速率(MB/s) input.close(); pro1.destroy(); pro2.destroy(); } catch (Exception e) { log.error(e.getMessage()); } jsonObject.put("rxPercent", rxPercent); // 下行速率 jsonObject.put("txPercent", txPercent); // 上行速率 return JSON.toJSONStringWithDateFormat(jsonObject, "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss", SerializerFeature.WriteMapNullValue); }

/** * 获取Linux环境下网口的上下行速率 * * @return */ public String getNetworkThroughputForLinux() { Process pro1 = null; Process pro2 = null; Runtime r = Runtime.getRuntime(); BufferedReader input = null; String rxPercent = ""; String txPercent = ""; JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject(); try { String command = "watch ifconfig"; pro1 = r.exec(command); input = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(pro1.getInputStream()));

String result1[] = readInLine(input, "linux"); Thread.sleep(SLEEP_TIME); pro2 = r.exec(command); input = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(pro2.getInputStream())); String result2[] = readInLine(input, "linux"); rxPercent = formatNumber((Long.parseLong(result2[0]) - Long.parseLong(result1[0])) / (float) (1024 * 1024 * (SLEEP_TIME / 1000))); // 下行速率(MB/s) txPercent = formatNumber((Long.parseLong(result2[1]) - Long.parseLong(result1[1])) / (float) (1024 * 1024 * (SLEEP_TIME / 1000))); // 上行速率(MB/s) input.close(); pro1.destroy(); pro2.destroy(); } catch (Exception e) { log.error(e.getMessage()); } jsonObject.put("rxPercent", rxPercent); // 下行速率 jsonObject.put("txPercent", txPercent); // 上行速率 return JSON.toJSONStringWithDateFormat(jsonObject, "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss", SerializerFeature.WriteMapNullValue); }

/** * 获取windows环境下JVM的cpu占用率 * * @return */ public String getCPURateForWindows() { try { String procCmd = System.getenv("windir") + "\\system32\\wbem\\wmic.exe  process " + "  get Caption,CommandLine,KernelModeTime,ReadOperationCount,ThreadCount,UserModeTime,WriteOperationCount"; // 取进程信息 long[] c0 = readCpu(Runtime.getRuntime().exec(procCmd)); Thread.sleep(CPUTIME); long[] c1 = readCpu(Runtime.getRuntime().exec(procCmd)); if (c0 != null && c1 != null) { long idletime = c1[0] - c0[0]; long busytime = c1[1] - c0[1]; long cpuRate = PERCENT * (busytime) / (busytime + idletime); if (cpuRate > 100) { cpuRate = 100; } else if (cpuRate < 0) { cpuRate = 0; } return String.valueOf(PERCENT * (busytime) / (busytime + idletime));

} else { return "0.0"; } } catch (Exception ex) { ex.printStackTrace(); return "0.0"; } }

/** * 获取linux环境下JVM的cpu占用率 * * @return */ public String getCPURateForLinux() { InputStream is = null; InputStreamReader isr = null; BufferedReader brStat = null; StringTokenizer tokenStat = null; String user = ""; String linuxVersion = System.getProperty("os.version"); try { System.out.println("Linux版本: " + linuxVersion);

Process process = Runtime.getRuntime().exec(new String[] { "sh", "-c", "top -b -p " + pid }); try { // top命令默认3秒动态更新结果信息，让线程睡眠5秒以便获取最新结果 Thread.sleep(CPUTIME); is = process.getInputStream(); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } isr = new InputStreamReader(is); brStat = new BufferedReader(isr);

if (linuxVersion.equals("2.4")) { brStat.readLine(); brStat.readLine(); brStat.readLine(); brStat.readLine();

tokenStat = new StringTokenizer(brStat.readLine()); tokenStat.nextToken(); tokenStat.nextToken(); user = tokenStat.nextToken(); tokenStat.nextToken(); String system = tokenStat.nextToken(); tokenStat.nextToken(); String nice = tokenStat.nextToken();

System.out.println(user + " , " + system + " , " + nice);

user = user.substring(0, user.indexOf("%")); system = system.substring(0, system.indexOf("%")); nice = nice.substring(0, nice.indexOf("%"));

float userUsage = new Float(user).floatValue(); float systemUsage = new Float(system).floatValue(); float niceUsage = new Float(nice).floatValue(); return String.valueOf((userUsage + systemUsage + niceUsage) / 100); } else { brStat.readLine(); brStat.readLine(); brStat.readLine(); brStat.readLine(); brStat.readLine(); brStat.readLine(); brStat.readLine(); brStat.readLine(); brStat.readLine(); brStat.readLine(); brStat.readLine(); brStat.readLine(); tokenStat = new StringTokenizer(brStat.readLine()); tokenStat.nextToken(); String userUsage = tokenStat.nextToken(); // 用户空间占用CPU百分比 user = userUsage.substring(0, userUsage.indexOf("%")); process.destroy(); }

} catch (IOException ioe) { System.out.println(ioe.getMessage()); freeResource(is, isr, brStat); return "100"; } finally { freeResource(is, isr, brStat); } return user; // jvm cpu占用率 }

/** * 获取Linux环境下JVM的内存占用率 * * @return */ public String getMemoryRateForLinux() { Process pro = null; Runtime r = Runtime.getRuntime(); String remCount = ""; try { String command = "top -b  -n 1 -H -p" + pid; pro = r.exec(command); BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(pro.getInputStream())); in.readLine(); in.readLine(); in.readLine(); in.readLine(); in.readLine(); in.readLine(); in.readLine(); StringTokenizer ts = new StringTokenizer(in.readLine()); int i = 1; while (ts.hasMoreTokens()) { i++; ts.nextToken(); if (i == 10) { remCount = ts.nextToken(); } } in.close(); pro.destroy(); } catch (Exception e) { log.error(e.getMessage()); } return remCount; }

/** * 获取windows环境下jvm的内存占用率 * * @return */ public String getMemoryRateForWindows() { String command = "TASKLIST /NH /FO CSV /FI \"PID EQ " + pid + " \""; String remCount = ""; // jvm物理内存占用量 BufferedReader in = null; String result = ""; try { Process pro = Runtime.getRuntime().exec(command); in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(pro.getInputStream())); StringTokenizer ts = new StringTokenizer(in.readLine(), "\""); int i = 1; while (ts.hasMoreTokens()) { i++; ts.nextToken(); if (i == 9) { remCount = ts.nextToken().replace(",", "").replace("K", "").trim(); } } long physicalJvmMem = Long.parseLong(remCount) / 1024; // jvm物理内存占用量(MB) OperatingSystemMXBean osmxb = (OperatingSystemMXBean) ManagementFactory.getOperatingSystemMXBean(); long physicalTotal = osmxb.getTotalPhysicalMemorySize() / (1024 * 1024); // 获取服务器总物理内存(MB) result = formatNumber(physicalJvmMem / (float) physicalTotal); if (Float.parseFloat(result) > 1) { // 占用率最多只能是100% result = "1"; } else if (Float.parseFloat(result) < 0) { result = "0"; } in.close(); pro.destroy(); } catch (Exception e) { log.error("getThreadCountForWindows()报异常：" + e); } return String.valueOf((Float.parseFloat(result) * 100)); }

/** * 获取linux磁盘读写速率 * * @return */ // public String getDiskAccessForLinux() { // Process pro = null; // Runtime r = Runtime.getRuntime(); // String command = "time dd if=/dev/zero of=/temp.log bs=1024k count=1000"; // // 读取和写入1G数据 // BufferedReader in = null; // float result = 0.0f; // try { // pro = r.exec(new String[] { "sh", "-c", command }); // // pro.getInputStream()取不到结果内容，反而是getErrorStream()可以取到值 // in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(pro.getErrorStream())); // in.readLine(); // in.readLine(); // if (getLocale().indexOf("zh") != -1) { // 中文语言环境 // StringTokenizer ts = new StringTokenizer(in.readLine(), "，"); // ts.nextToken(); // ts.nextToken(); // result = Float.parseFloat(ts.nextToken().split(" ")[0]); // System.out.println("中文环境"); // } else { // 英文语言环境 // StringTokenizer ts = new StringTokenizer(in.readLine()); // ts.nextToken(); // ts.nextToken(); // ts.nextToken(); // ts.nextToken(); // ts.nextToken(); // ts.nextToken(); // ts.nextToken(); // result = Float.parseFloat(ts.nextToken().split(" ")[0]); // System.out.println("英文环境"); // } // r.exec("rm -f /temp.log"); // 将生成的文件删掉 // in.close(); // pro.destroy(); // } catch (IOException e) { // System.out.println(e.getMessage()); // } // return String.valueOf(result); // }

/** * 获取Linux服务器的语言环境 * * @return */ public String getLocale() { Process pro = null; Runtime r = Runtime.getRuntime(); String command = "locale"; BufferedReader in = null; StringTokenizer ts = null; try { pro = r.exec(command); in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(pro.getInputStream())); ts = new StringTokenizer(in.readLine()); in.close(); pro.destroy(); } catch (IOException e) { System.out.println(e.getMessage()); } return ts.nextToken(); }

/** * 获取Linux环境下JVM的线程数 * * @return */ public int getThreadCountForLinux() { Process pro = null; Runtime r = Runtime.getRuntime(); String command = "top -b -n 1 -H -p " + pid; BufferedReader in = null; int result = 0; try { pro = r.exec(new String[] { "sh", "-c", command }); in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(pro.getInputStream())); in.readLine(); StringTokenizer ts = new StringTokenizer(in.readLine()); ts.nextToken(); result = Integer.parseInt(ts.nextToken()); in.close(); pro.destroy(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return result;

}

/** * 获取Windows环境下JVM的线程数 * * @return */ public int getThreadCountForWindows() { String command = "wmic process " + pid + "  list brief"; int count = 0; BufferedReader in = null; try { Process pro = Runtime.getRuntime().exec(command); in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(pro.getInputStream())); // testGetInput(in); in.readLine(); in.readLine(); StringTokenizer ts = new StringTokenizer(in.readLine()); int i = 1;

while (ts.hasMoreTokens()) { i++; ts.nextToken(); if (i == 5) { count = Integer.parseInt(ts.nextToken()); } } in.close(); pro.destroy(); } catch (Exception e) { log.error("getThreadCountForWindows()报异常：" + e); } return count; }

private void freeResource(InputStream is, InputStreamReader isr, BufferedReader br) { try { if (is != null) is.close(); if (isr != null) isr.close(); if (br != null) br.close(); } catch (IOException ioe) { System.out.println(ioe.getMessage()); } }

/** * * 读取CPU信息 * * @param proc * @return * */ private long[] readCpu(final Process proc) { long[] retn = new long[2]; try { proc.getOutputStream().close(); InputStreamReader ir = new InputStreamReader(proc.getInputStream()); LineNumberReader input = new LineNumberReader(ir); String line = input.readLine(); if (line == null || line.length() < FAULTLENGTH) { return null; } int capidx = line.indexOf("Caption"); int cmdidx = line.indexOf("CommandLine"); int rocidx = line.indexOf("ReadOperationCount"); int umtidx = line.indexOf("UserModeTime"); int kmtidx = line.indexOf("KernelModeTime"); int wocidx = line.indexOf("WriteOperationCount"); // Caption,CommandLine,KernelModeTime,ReadOperationCount,ThreadCount,UserModeTime,WriteOperationCount long idletime = 0; long kneltime = 0; long usertime = 0; while ((line = input.readLine()) != null) { if (line.length() < wocidx) { continue; } // 字段出现顺序：Caption,CommandLine,KernelModeTime,ReadOperationCount, // ThreadCount,UserModeTime,WriteOperation String caption = this.substring(line, capidx, cmdidx - 1).trim(); String cmd = this.substring(line, cmdidx, kmtidx - 1).trim(); if (cmd.indexOf("javaw.exe") >= 0) { continue; } // log.info("line="+line); if (caption.equals("System Idle Process") || caption.equals("System")) { idletime += Long.valueOf(this.substring(line, kmtidx, rocidx - 1).trim()).longValue(); idletime += Long.valueOf(this.substring(line, umtidx, wocidx - 1).trim()).longValue(); continue; }

kneltime += Long.valueOf(this.substring(line, kmtidx, rocidx - 1).trim()).longValue(); usertime += Long.valueOf(this.substring(line, umtidx, wocidx - 1).trim()).longValue(); } retn[0] = idletime; retn[1] = kneltime + usertime; return retn; } catch (Exception ex) { ex.printStackTrace(); } finally { try { proc.getInputStream().close(); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } return null; }

/** * 获取网口上下行速率 * * @param input * @return */ public String[] readInLine(BufferedReader input, String osType) { String rxResult = ""; String txResult = ""; StringTokenizer tokenStat = null; try { if (osType.equals("linux")) { // 获取linux环境下的网口上下行速率 String result[] = input.readLine().split(" "); int j = 0, k = 0; for (int i = 0; i < result.length; i++) { if (result[i].indexOf("RX") != -1) { j++; if (j == 2) { rxResult = result[i + 1].split(":")[1]; } } if (result[i].indexOf("TX") != -1) { k++; if (k == 2) { txResult = result[i + 1].split(":")[1]; break; } } }

} else { // 获取windows环境下的网口上下行速率 input.readLine(); input.readLine(); input.readLine(); input.readLine(); tokenStat = new StringTokenizer(input.readLine()); tokenStat.nextToken(); rxResult = tokenStat.nextToken(); txResult = tokenStat.nextToken(); } } catch (Exception e) { log.error(e.getMessage()); } String arr[] = { rxResult, txResult }; return arr; }

/** * 由于String.subString对汉字处理存在问题（把一个汉字视为一个字节)，因此在 包含汉字的字符串时存在隐患，现调整如下： * * @param src *            要截取的字符串 * @param start_idx *            开始坐标（包括该坐标) * @param end_idx *            截止坐标（包括该坐标） * @return */ private String substring(String src, int start_idx, int end_idx) { byte[] b = src.getBytes(); String tgt = ""; for (int i = start_idx; i <= end_idx; i++) { tgt += (char) b[i]; } return tgt; }

/** * 格式化浮点数(float 和 double)，保留两位小数 * * @param obj * @return */ private String formatNumber(Object obj) { String result = ""; if (obj.getClass().getSimpleName().equals("Float")) { result = new Formatter().format("%.2f", (float) obj).toString(); } else if (obj.getClass().getSimpleName().equals("Double")) { result = new Formatter().format("%.2f", (double) obj).toString(); } return result; }

/** * 测试方法 ：监测java执行相关命令后是否能获取到结果集(注：此方法执行后会中断程序的执行，测试完后请注释掉) * * @param br */ public void testGetInput(BufferedReader in) { int y = 0; try { while ((y = in.read()) != -1) { System.out.print((char) y); } } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return; }

class SysInfoAcquirerTimerTask extends TimerTask {

@Override public void run() { try { System.out.println("任务开始："); long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis(); int threadCount = getThreadCount(); String cpuRate = getCPURate(); // CPU使用率 String memoryRate = getMemoryRate(); // 内存占用率 JSONObject jsonObj = JSON.parseObject(getNetworkThroughput()); String upSpeed = jsonObj.getString("txPercent");// 上行速度 String downSpeed = jsonObj.getString("rxPercent"); // 下行速度 System.out.println("JVM  PID：" + pid); System.out.println("JVM 线程数：" + threadCount); System.out.println("内存占用率：" + memoryRate + "%"); System.out.println("CPU使用率：" + cpuRate + "%"); System.out.println("上行速度：" + upSpeed + "MB/s 下行速度：" + downSpeed + "MB/s");

//后续操作为将采集到的数据存放到数据库，可自行设计 SysPerformInfo sysPerformInfo = new SysPerformInfo(); sysPerformInfo.setId(UuidUtil.getUuid()); sysPerformInfo.setCpuRate(Float.parseFloat(cpuRate)); sysPerformInfo.setMemoryRate(Float.parseFloat(memoryRate)); sysPerformInfo.setThreadCount(threadCount); sysPerformInfo.setUpSpeed(Float.parseFloat(upSpeed)); sysPerformInfo.setDownSpeed(Float.parseFloat(downSpeed)); sysPerformInfoService.insertPerformInfo(sysPerformInfo); // 将采集到的数据插入数据库 long endTime = System.currentTimeMillis(); System.out.println("任务总耗时：" + (endTime - startTime) / (1000 * 60) + "分钟"); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); log.error(e.toString()); } }

}

@PreDestroy public void destroy() { log.info("do nothing in @PreDestroy method"); }}